Earthquake.now

M4.2 Earthquake near Pahala, United States — 30 December 2024

A light earthquake of magnitude 4.2 was recorded near Pahala, United States on , with an epicentre 1 km west-southwest of Pāhala, at a focal depth of 30.6 km. It ranked as the 71st strongest of 8867 earthquakes recorded in the United States in the preceding 30 days.

4.2 Light

Time (UTC): 2024-12-30 09:04:51

Time (your timezone): —

Magnitude: 4.2 (light)

Focal depth: 30.6 km (shallow)

Epicentre: 19.1938, -155.4930

Location: 1 km WSW of Pāhala, Hawaii

Country: United States

USGS link to NOAA tsunami information: Not linked

Review status: Automatic

Source: USGS event page

How strong was this earthquake?

Light earthquakes are widely felt near the epicentre and can rattle windows, dishes and hanging objects. Damage is uncommon and usually limited to cracked plaster or fallen loose items.

A magnitude 4.2 earthquake radiates roughly 25 tons of TNT equivalent in seismic energy.

The USGS assigns this earthquake a significance score of 291, which is below the USGS threshold of more than 600 for its significant-earthquake list. The ranking combines magnitude with available Did You Feel It responses and PAGER alert level; it is not a direct measurement of damage.

What the magnitude scale actually measures →

When it happened locally

That is about 22:42 local solar time at the epicentre, late at night.

This event was deeper than 89% of the 156,298 earthquakes recorded in the United States in our catalogue and stronger than 99% of them.

Where was the epicentre?

The epicentre was located at 19.1938, -155.4930 — 1 km west-southwest of Pāhala. The closest other recorded event was a magnitude 2.0 earthquake 1 km south-southwest of here on 13 September 2026.

The nearest other settlements in our records are Fern Forest (45 km east-southeast), Eden Roc (52 km east-northeast), Fern Acres (57 km northeast) and Ainaloa (64 km northeast).

Why the 31 km depth matters

At 31 km this was a shallow earthquake. Shallow events release their energy close to the surface, so for a given magnitude they produce noticeably stronger shaking — and more damage — than deeper ones. Roughly three quarters of all earthquakes worldwide occur at shallow depths.

This catalogue does not ingest eyewitness responses, so it cannot confirm where this earthquake was felt. Based on magnitude alone, an event this size is often felt across the surrounding area. Its shallow focus makes stronger surface shaking more likely than for a deeper event of the same magnitude.

Read more on how focal depth changes what you feel →

What does the tsunami information flag mean?

The USGS record does not carry a link to NOAA tsunami information. That field is not an all-clear and does not state whether a tsunami occurred. In this case, a damaging tsunami would be less likely because at M4.2 it falls below the magnitude 6.5 threshold that generally applies before a submarine earthquake displaces enough water to generate a damaging tsunami; it occurred inland rather than beneath the sea floor. For an active coastal alert, use tsunami.gov or your local warning authority.

How earthquakes generate tsunamis, and what the alert levels mean →

Aftershocks and local seismic history

42 further earthquakes have been recorded within about 150 km of the epicentre in the seven days after this event, the largest of them magnitude 3.5.

21 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or above have been logged within roughly 200 km of this epicentre in our catalogue. The strongest was a magnitude 6.0 event near Honaunau-Napoopoo on 23 May 2026. This M4.2 event released about 519 times less energy than that event.

840 earthquakes have been recorded within 100 km of this epicentre in the past year, 616 of them in the past 30 days.

How long aftershock sequences last, and how large they get →

Where this event sits in the record

This earthquake is part of the December 2024 worldwide record, and of earthquakes in the United States during December 2024. Browse the full monthly archive to compare periods.

Nearest recorded earthquakes to this epicentre

Other recent earthquakes in the United States

All recorded earthquakes in the United States →

Other magnitude 4 earthquakes worldwide

All magnitude 4 earthquakes →

Questions about this earthquake

How strong was the earthquake near Pahala?

It measured magnitude 4.2 — a light earthquake. A magnitude 4.2 earthquake radiates roughly 25 tons of TNT equivalent in seismic energy.

How deep was the earthquake near Pahala?

The focus was 31 km below the surface, which counts as shallow.

Was the Pahala earthquake felt at the surface?

At magnitude 4.2 and a focal depth of 31 km, shaking would have been concentrated near the epicentre.

When did the earthquake near Pahala happen?

30 December 2024 at 09:04 UTC.

Was there a tsunami?

No. The USGS record carries no tsunami-information link for this event.

Have there been aftershocks?

42 further earthquakes have been recorded within about 150 km of the epicentre in the seven days after this event, the largest of them magnitude 3.5.

How often do earthquakes happen near Pahala?

21 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or above have been logged within roughly 200 km of this epicentre in our catalogue. The strongest was a magnitude 6.0 event near Honaunau-Napoopoo on 23 May 2026. This M4.2 event released about 519 times less energy than that event.