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M4.9 Earthquake near Pangai, Tonga — 19 March 2025

A light earthquake of magnitude 4.9 was recorded near Pangai, Tonga on , with an epicentre 91 km west-northwest of Pangai, at a focal depth of 135.2 km. It ranked as the 9th strongest of 18 earthquakes recorded in Tonga in the preceding 30 days.

4.9 Light

Time (UTC): 2025-03-19 23:38:32

Time (your timezone): —

Magnitude: 4.9 (light)

Focal depth: 135.2 km (intermediate)

Epicentre: -19.6419, -175.2030

Location: 91 km WNW of Pangai, Tonga

Country: Tonga

USGS link to NOAA tsunami information: Not linked

Review status: Reviewed

Source: USGS event page

How strong was this earthquake?

Light earthquakes are widely felt near the epicentre and can rattle windows, dishes and hanging objects. Damage is uncommon and usually limited to cracked plaster or fallen loose items.

A magnitude 4.9 earthquake radiates roughly 338 tons of TNT equivalent in seismic energy.

The USGS assigns this earthquake a significance score of 369, which is below the USGS threshold of more than 600 for its significant-earthquake list. The ranking combines magnitude with available Did You Feel It responses and PAGER alert level; it is not a direct measurement of damage.

What the magnitude scale actually measures →

When it happened locally

That is about 11:57 local solar time at the epicentre, during the morning.

This event was deeper than 51% of the 416 earthquakes recorded in Tonga in our catalogue and stronger than 56% of them.

Where was the epicentre?

The epicentre was located at -19.6419, -175.2030 — 91 km west-northwest of Pangai. The closest other recorded event was a magnitude 4.9 earthquake 29 km east of here on 20 July 2026.

The nearest other settlements in our records are Nuku‘alofa (79 km south), Fakakai (86 km east), Neiafu (99 km north-northeast) and Kolonga (166 km southeast).

Why the 135 km depth matters

At 135 km this was an intermediate-depth earthquake. Energy from events at this depth spreads out before it reaches the surface, which usually means weaker shaking near the epicentre than a shallow quake of the same magnitude, but shaking felt across a wider area.

This catalogue does not ingest eyewitness responses, so it cannot confirm where this earthquake was felt. Based on magnitude alone, an event this size is often felt across the surrounding area. Its intermediate depth normally reduces peak shaking near the epicentre compared with a shallow event of the same magnitude.

Read more on how focal depth changes what you feel →

What does the tsunami information flag mean?

The USGS record does not carry a link to NOAA tsunami information. That field is not an all-clear and does not state whether a tsunami occurred. In this case, a damaging tsunami would be less likely because at M4.9 it falls below the magnitude 6.5 threshold that generally applies before a submarine earthquake displaces enough water to generate a damaging tsunami; its 135 km focal depth is too great to deform the sea floor significantly; it occurred inland rather than beneath the sea floor. For an active coastal alert, use tsunami.gov or your local warning authority.

How earthquakes generate tsunamis, and what the alert levels mean →

Aftershocks and local seismic history

No further earthquakes have been recorded within about 150 km of the epicentre in the seven days after this event.

128 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or above have been logged within roughly 200 km of this epicentre in our catalogue. The strongest was a magnitude 7.5 event near Neiafu on 24 March 2026. This M4.9 event released about 7,943 times less energy than that event.

7 earthquakes have been recorded within 100 km of this epicentre in the past year, 1 of them in the past 30 days.

How long aftershock sequences last, and how large they get →

Where this event sits in the record

This earthquake is part of the March 2025 worldwide record, and of earthquakes in Tonga during March 2025. Browse the full monthly archive to compare periods.

Nearest recorded earthquakes to this epicentre

Other recent earthquakes in Tonga

All recorded earthquakes in Tonga →

Other magnitude 4 earthquakes worldwide

All magnitude 4 earthquakes →

Questions about this earthquake

How strong was the earthquake near Pangai?

It measured magnitude 4.9 — a light earthquake. A magnitude 4.9 earthquake radiates roughly 338 tons of TNT equivalent in seismic energy.

How deep was the earthquake near Pangai?

The focus was 135 km below the surface, which counts as intermediate.

Was the Pangai earthquake felt at the surface?

At magnitude 4.9 and a focal depth of 135 km, the depth spreads the energy out, so shaking is weaker overhead but reaches further.

When did the earthquake near Pangai happen?

19 March 2025 at 23:38 UTC.

Was there a tsunami?

No. The USGS record carries no tsunami-information link for this event.

Have there been aftershocks?

No further earthquakes have been recorded within about 150 km of the epicentre in the seven days after this event.

How often do earthquakes happen near Pangai?

128 earthquakes of magnitude 4 or above have been logged within roughly 200 km of this epicentre in our catalogue. The strongest was a magnitude 7.5 event near Neiafu on 24 March 2026. This M4.9 event released about 7,943 times less energy than that event.